🇬🇧 English from beginning with Mamurova Guljahon 🇬🇧
🔤
uture
🔤
ense
💬
How do we talk about the future in English?
Kelajakdagi reja, taxmin yoki qarorlarni ifodalash uchun odatda
“will”
va
“be going to”
ishlatiladi. Keling, farqini ko‘rib chiqamiz
👇
🌟
Will
– kelajakdagi qaror, taklif yoki taxmin.
“Will”
biz gapirish paytida qaror qabul qilgan yoki ishonch bildirayotgan holatlarda ishlatiladi.
🧠
Formula:
➡️
Subject + will + base verb
🌟
Examples:
• I will help you with your homework.
(Hozir qaror qildi)
• It will rain tomorrow.
(Taxmin)
• She will be a great teacher.
(Ishonch)
🌟
🌟
🌟
🌟
🌟
🌟
🌟
Be going to
– reja yoki aniq dalil asosidagi taxmin
“Be going to”
esa oldindan rejalashtirilgan ishlar yoki dalilga asoslangan taxminlar uchun ishlatiladi.
🧠
Formula:
➡️
Subject + am/is/are + going to + base verb
🌟
Examples:
• I am going to visit my grandparents this weekend.
(Oldindan reja)
• Look at those clouds! It is going to rain.
(Dalilga asoslangan taxmin)
• They are going to study English at university.
(Aniq reja)
🌟
🌟
🌟
🌟
🌟
🌟
🌟
Will vs Going to
— Farqi qisqacha:
🟢
Will
:
💬
Gapirish paytida qabul qilingan qaror
💬
Oddiy taxmin yoki ishonch
💬
Taklif yoki va’da bildirishda ishlatiladi
🟢
Going to:
💬
Oldindan rejalashtirilgan ish-harakat
💬
Dalilga asoslangan taxmin (ko‘rinib turgan narsa asosida)
💬
Aniq niyat yoki tayyorlangan reja
🌟
Xulosa:
🌟
Will
— qaror yoki taxmin uchun
🌟
Going to
— reja yoki dalilga asoslangan taxmin uchun
✨
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🔤
ast
🔤
erfect
🔤
ontinuous
🔤
ense
Qachon ishlatiladi?
💜
O‘tmishda boshlangan va o‘sha o‘tmishdagi bir nuqtagacha
davom etgan harakat
ni ifodalaydi.
🧩
Formula:
Subject + had been + V-ing
🔤
I / He / She / It — had been working
🔤
We / You / They — had been studying
💬
Misollar:
📗
I had been studying English for two years before I moved to London.
🔤
Men Londonga ko‘chishimdan oldin ikki yil ingliz tili o‘qiyotgan edim.
📗
She was tired because she had been working all day.
🔤
U charchagan edi, chunki butun kun ishlayotgan edi.
❌
Inkor shakli:
had not been + V-ing
📗
I hadn’t been feeling well before the trip.
❓
Savol shakli:
Had + subject + been + V-ing?
📗
Had you been working before you started studying?
🪵
🪵
🪵
🧠
Asosiy ma’no:
✅
O‘tmishdagi bir nuqtagacha davom etgan harakatni bildiradi.
✅
Sabab va natija orasidagi bog‘liqlikni tushuntiradi.
🪵
🪵
🪵
🧠
Esda tut:
Past Perfect Continuous
–
“qancha vaqt davomida”
degan savollarga javob beradi.
⏱️
How long had you been studying English before 2020?
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🕰
🔤
ast
🔤
erfect
🔤
imple
Past Perfect
- o‘tmishda
boshqa bir o‘tgan ish yoki voqeadan oldin
bo‘lib o‘tgan harakatni ifodalaydi.
🧩
Tuzilishi (Structure):
Subject + had + V³ (Past Participle)
🤩
I had finished
my homework
before my mother came home.
(Onam uyga kelguncha men uy vazifamni tugatgandim.)
❌
Inkori (Negative form):
Subject + had not (hadn’t) + V³
🤩
She
hadn’t eaten
before the meeting.
(U yig‘ilishdan oldin ovqatlanmagan edi.)
❓
So‘roq shakli (Question form):
Had + subject + V³
🤩
Had you seen
the movie before?
(Sen filmni avval ko‘rganmiding?)
📚
Qachon ishlatiladi?
1️⃣
Ikki o‘tgan ish orasida birinchisini ko‘rsatish uchun:
• She
had left
when I arrived.
(Men kelganimda u ketib bo‘lgan edi.)
2️⃣
“before”, “after”, “when”, “by the time” kabi so‘zlar bilan:
• By the time we arrived, the film
had started.
(Biz yetib kelguncha, film boshlab bo‘lgan edi.)
3️⃣
Sababni ifodalaganda:
• He was tired because he
had worked
all day.
(U charchagan edi, chunki u butun kun ishlagan edi.)
⚙️
Yordamchi so‘z:
had
— barcha shaxslar uchun bir xil:
🤩
I had
🤩
You had
🤩
He/She/It had
🤩
We had
🤩
They had
Qisqartma shaklda:
’d
🤩
I’d
gone,
she’d
finished,
they’d
seen, va hokazo.
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rammar
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xercises
🧠
To‘ldirish mashqi (Fill in the blanks)
Qavs ichidagi fe’lni
Present Continuous
shaklida yozing.
1️⃣
She
___
(read) a book now.
2️⃣
They ___ (play) football in the yard.
3️⃣
I ___ (cook) dinner at the moment.
7️⃣
He ___ (not / sleep) right now.
5️⃣
___ you ___ (watch) TV?
🤓
To‘g‘ri shaklni tanlang (Choose the correct form)
1️⃣
She
(is / are / am)
cleaning her room.
2️⃣
I
(am / is / are)
not listening to music.
3️⃣
What
(is / are / am)
they doing?
7️⃣
He
(is playing / play / plays)
basketball.
5️⃣
We
(is study / are studying / studying)
English.
✍️
Gap tuzing (Make sentences)
So‘zlardan to‘g‘ri tartibda
Present Continuous
gap tuzing.
1️⃣
(now / is / she / dancing) →
2️⃣
(cooking / what / are / you) →
3️⃣
(the baby / crying / is / not) →
7️⃣
(I / my / doing / homework / am) →
5️⃣
(talking / they / are / on the phone) →
🤔
Tarjima mashqi (Translate into English)
1️⃣
U televizor koryapti.
2️⃣
Men hozir kitob oqiyapman.
3️⃣
Ular bog‘da yugurishyapti.
7️⃣
U uxlayotgani yo‘q.
5️⃣
Sen nimani qilyapsan?
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🔤
resent
🔤
ontinuous
🔤
ense
🔤
Hozirgi davomiy zamon
🔤
🔤
Tuzilishi (Structure):
am / is / are + fe’l-ing
🧩
Formulalar:
• I am + V-ing
• He / She / It is + V-ing
• You / We / They are + V-ing
🔤
Qachon ishlatiladi?
1.
Hozir ayni damda
bo‘layotgan ish uchun:
🔤
I am studying English now.
(Men hozir ingliz tilini o‘qiyapman.)
2.
Vaqtinchalik holatlar
uchun:
🔤
She is living in Tashkent these days.
(U hozirda Toshkentda yashayapti.)
3.
Oldindan rejalashtirilgan yaqin kelajakdagi ishlar
uchun:
🔤
We are meeting our teacher tomorrow.
(Ertaga o‘qituvchimiz bilan uchrashamiz.)
💌
E’tibor bering!
Quyidagi so‘zlar bilan odatda
Present Continuous
ishlatilmaydi:
love, like, know, believe, understand, want, need
❌
I am knowing you.
✅
I know you.
🔑
Kalit so‘zlar (Signal words):
➡️
now, right now, at the moment, today, currently, these days
✍️
Misollar:
• She
is cooking
dinner right now
🍳
• They
are playing
football
⚽️
• I
am writing
a post about grammar
✏️
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🎀
ast
🎀
erfect
🎀
ontinuous
➕
had been + verb + -ing
ex:
She'd
been studying
for ages.
🎀
had not been + verb + -ing
ex:
He
hadn’t been studying
for long
🎀
had ... been + verb + ing?
ex:
Had
you
been studying
for long?
🎀
We use the past perfect continuous to focus on how long an activity continued or to focus on the activity itself;
🎀
We cannot use the past perfect continuous to say how many times something happened;
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💕
ast
💕
erfect
💕
imple
➕
had + past participle
ex:
They
had listened
to his music;
➖
had not +
past participle
ex:
They
hadn't listened
to his music;
❓
had ... + past participle?
ex:
Had
they
listened
to his music;
We use the past perfect simple:
🤩
when we are talking about the past and want to mention something that happened earlier;
🤩
with words like when, as soon as, by the time, after to show the order of events;
🤩
to talk about an indefinite time before a particular point in the past, often with words like
always, sometimes, never, before, by
+ fixed time;
🤩
to report past events using reporting verbs;
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🩷
resent
🩷
erfect
🩷
ontinuous
❕
We can use either the present perfect simple or the present perfect continuous to say how long a situation or activity has been going on (often with /or or since):
🌟
I've felt tired for weeks.
🌟
I've been feeling tired since I started this course.
🌟
I've worked at the restaurant since I moved here.
🌟
I've been working at the restaurant for three years.
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🩷
resent
🩷
erfect
🩷
imple
➕
have/has + past participle
ex:
She’s started the assignment
➖
have/has not + past participle
ex:
haven’t started the assignment
❓
have/has ... + past participle?
ex:
Have you started the assignment?
❕
We use the present perfect simple:
📍
to talk about a time period that is not finished (e.g. today, this week);
📍
to show that something happened at some point in the past before now. We don’t state when it happened;
📍
to talk about a present situation which started in the past, usually with for/since;
📍
to talk about something that happened at an unstated time in the past but is connected to the present;
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